Upfit Podcast #6: The Game Changers Kritik - Wissenschaftliches Statement zur veganen Dokumentation

Ende 2019 ist mit “The Game Changers” die wohl bekannteste Doku zum Thema Veganismus und veganer Ernährung in Deutschland erschienen. MMA Kämpfer und Protagonist James Wilks beleuchtet auf wohl wissenschaftliche Weise die unglaublichen Vorteile einer pflanzenbasierten Ernährung. Vegane Top-Athleten, Promis und Menschen aus dem alltäglichen Leben berichten über enorme Leistungszuwächse und eine Verbesserung ihrer Gesundheit – allein durch den Verzicht von Fleisch, Fisch und tierischen Produkten. Während der gesamten Doku wird eine Vielzahl an Studien, Zitaten und Experimenten auf den Bildschirm geworfen, was uns natürlich extrem neugierig gemacht hat. Denn der Upfit Ansatz ist es nicht blind zu vertrauen, sondern sich selbst ein fundiertes Urteil zu bilden. In Upfit Podcast #6 kommt ein sachliches Statement zu “The Game Changers”, veganer Ernährung und der extremen Verteufelung von tierischen Lebensmitteln.

Kommentiert fleißig, abonniert unseren Kanal und verpasst zukünftig keine Folge.

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Viele der Studien, auf die sich der Film The Game Changers bezieht, sind Pilotstudien, die weitere Forschung benötigen und anstoßen, allerdings noch auf eine Duplikation der Ergebnisse durch andere Studien warten.

Camerons Motivation? https://www.plantbasednews.org/news/james-camerons-140-million-drive-create-vegan-protein

Lösch S, Moghaddam N, Grossschmidt K, Risser DU, Kanz F. Stable isotope and trace element studies on gladiators and contemporary Romans from Ephesus (Turkey, 2nd and 3rd Ct. AD) — Implications for differences in diet. PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e110489.

Zitat aus dieser Studie: “The ancient Greek athletes were heavy meat eaters. Mio of Crotona, the legendary wrestler who was never once brought to his knees over five Olympiads (532–516 BC), supposedly consumed gargantuan amounts of meat”

Die Studie stellt zudem klar, dass Gladiatoren fett waren, vorwiegend um durch das Fett die Organe zu schützen, dafür aßen sie hohe Mengen an Kohlenhydraten.

Auf die Studie bezogen:

• https://outofthiscentury.wordpress.com/2010/01/30/fat-gladiators-modern-misconceptions-regarding-the-dietary-practices-of-swordsmen-of-the-ancient-roman-arena/
• Yang W, Li B, Dong X, Zhang XQ, Zeng Y, Zhou JL, Tang YH, Xu JJ. Is heme iron intake associated with risk of coronary heart disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Nutr. 2014;53(2):395–400.
• GBD 2017 Diet Collaborators. Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2019 Apr;393(10184):1958–72.
• Roussell MA, Hill AM, Gaugler TL, et al. Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet study: effects on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95(1):9–16.
• MA Roussell, AM Hill, TL Gaugler, SG West, JS Ulbrecht, JP Vanden Heuvel, PJ Gillies, PM Kris-Etherton, Effects of a DASH-like diet containing lean beef on vascular health, Journal of Human Hypertension (2014) 28, 600–605
• Rizzo NS, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Sabate J, Frazer GE, Nutrient profiles of vegetarian and non vegetarian dietary patterns, J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013 Dec; 113(12): 1610–1619.
• Yang Y, Churchward-Venne TA, Burd NA, Breen L, Tarnapolsky MA, Phillips SM, Myofibrillar protein synthesis following ingestion of soy protein isolate at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men, Nutrition & Metabolism volume 9, Article number: 57 (2012)
• Volek JS et al., Whey protein supplementation during resistance training augments lean body mass, J Am Coll Nutr. 2013;32(2):122-35
• Johnston BC, Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption: Dietary Guideline Recommendations From the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) Consortium, Annals of internal medicine (2019)
• Hamilton-Reeves JM, Vazquez G, Duval SJ, Phipps WR, Kurzer MS, Messina MJ, Clinical studies show no effects of soy protein or isoflavones on reproductive hormones in men: results of a meta-analysis, Fertil Steril. 2010 Aug;94(3):997-1007
• Clarys P et al., Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet, Nutrients. 2014 Mar; 6(3): 1318–1332.
• Phillips SM, Van Loon LJ, Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimum adaptation, J Sports Sci. 2011;29 Suppl 1:S29-38
• Helms ER, Zinn C, Rowlands DS, Brown SR, A systematic review of dietary protein during caloric restriction in resistance trained lean athletes: a case for higher intakes, Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2014 Apr;24(2):127-38
• Phinney SD, Horton ES, Sims EA, Hanson JS, Danforth E Jr, LaGrange BM, Capacity for moderate exercise in obese subjects after adaptation to a hypocaloric, ketogenic diet, J Clin Invest. 1980 Nov;66(5):1152-61
• Li Z, Wong A, Henning SM, Zhang Y, Jones A, Zerlin A, Thames G, Bowerman S, Tseng CH, Heber D, Hass avocado modulates postprandial vascular reactivity and postprandial inflammatory responses to a hamburger meal in healthy volunteers, Food Funct. 2013 Feb 26;4(3):384-91
• Maki KC, Rains TM, Schild AL, Dicklin MR, Park KM, Lawless AL, Kelley KM, Effects of low-fat dairy intake on blood pressure, endothelial function, and lipoprotein lipids in subjects with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension, Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2013;9:369-79
• Van Bussel BC, Henry RM, Schalkwijk CG, Ferreira I, Feskens EJ, Streppel MT, Smulders YM, Twisk JW, Stehouwer CD, Fish consumption in healthy adults is associated with decreased circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation during a 6-year follow-up, J Nutr. 2011 Sep;141(9):1719-25
• Rombola et al., Experimental Study of the Effects of Three Types of Meat on Endothelial Function in a Group of Healthy Volunteers, in: Fuel Processing Technology, J Food Process Technol 2014, 5:8(5:8)
• O’Connor L, Kim JE, Zhu W, Clark C, Campbell W, Effects of Total Red Meat Consumption on Glycemic Control and Inflammation: A Systematically Searched Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Randomized Controlled Trials, Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Jun; 3(Suppl 1): nzz028.OR22-08-19.
• Chai W et al., Dietary Red and Processed Meat Intake and Markers of Adiposity and Inflammation: The Multiethnic Cohort Study, J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 Jul; 36(5): 378–385
• Markova M et al., Isocaloric Diets High in Animal or Plant Protein Reduce Liver Fat and Inflammation in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Gastroenterology. 2017 Feb;152(3):571-585
• Demmer E et al., Consumption of a high-fat meal containing cheese compared with a vegan alternative lowers postprandial C-reactive protein in overweight and obese individuals with metabolic abnormalities: a randomised controlled cross-over study, J Nutr Sci. 2016; 5: e9
• Willmann C, Heni M, Linder K, Wagner R, Stefan N, Machann J, Schulze MB, Joost HG, Häring HU, Fritsche A, Potential effects of reduced red meat compared with increased fiber intake on glucose metabolism and liver fat content: a randomized and controlled dietary intervention study, Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Feb 1;109(2):288-296
• Flynn MG, McFarlin BK, Markofski MM, The Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Exercise Training, Am J Lifestyle Med. 2007 May-Jun; 1(3): 220–235
• Key TJ, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Burr ML, Dietary habits and mortality in 11,000 vegetarians and health conscious people: results of a 17 year follow up, BMJ. 1996 Sep 28;313(7060):775-9
• Mihrshahi S, Ding D, Gale J, Allman-Farinelli M, Banks E, Bauman AE, Vegetarian diet and all-cause mortality: Evidence from a large population-based Australian cohort – the 45 and up Study, Prev Med. 2017 Apr;97:1-7
• Vargas S, Romance R, Petro JL, Bonilla DA, Galancho I, Espinar S, Kreider RB, Benítez-Porres J, Efficacy of ketogenic diet on body composition during resistance training in trained men: a randomized controlled trial, J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018 Jul 9;15(1):31
• Herrmann W1, Schorr H, Obeid R, Geisel J, Vitamin B-12 status, particularly holotranscobalamin II and methylmalonic acid concentrations, and hyperhomocysteinemia in vegetarians, Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jul;78(1):131-6
• Snorgaard O, Poulsen GM, Andersen HK, Astrup A, Systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary carbohydrate restriction in patients with type 2 diabetes, BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2017;5
• Gilsing AMJ et al., Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in British male omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIC-Oxford cohort study, Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Sep; 64(9): 933–939
• Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Gea A, Ruiz-Canela M, The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Health, Circulation Research. 2019;124:779–798
• Rotz CA, Asem-Hiablie S, Place S, Thoma G, Environmental footprints of beef cattle production in the United States, Agricultural Systems 2019;169,1-13
• https://wriorg.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/Shifting_Diets_for_a_Sustainable_Food_Future_1.pdf

Kritische Reviews des Films:

• https://tacticmethod.com/the-game-changers-scientific-review-and-references/
• https://medium.com/@timrees/watched-the-game-changers-now-you-must-watch-this-fcc877b0104